SQL

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SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language, is a programming language designed for accessing and managing information contained in relational databases.

SQL commands can be divided into two groups: DDL (Data Definition Language) statements allow users to create and modify tables and database structures, while DML (Data Manipulation Language) statements are used to manage the data stored within those tables.

Traditionally, practically every nontrivial Web site employed some form of SQL for maintaining databases, although some massive enterprises with specialized data-mining needs (such as Twitter and Facebook) have begun to adopt "NoSQL" database systems that store data in slightly different ways.